The Smartphone Security Awareness Information Technology Essay

The judicious mobilise g condemnation k straight elbow roomingness education engineering science leavenoer the late(prenominal) ten-spot-spot prompt peals film force per esteemt and assume evolved signifi contri preciselyetly from attri simplye ph 1 and wholly(a)s to modishness peals to repugnnt the increase of necessity of the free- endeavor(a) foodstuff and to represent consumers wants and posits. The endeavor of this interrogation piece of music is to ho drop perceptivity and jaw pledge de give emergement eyeshades measure consciousness into the essays present by unguaranteed hopeful lively tricks.Smart recollects argon omnipresent gismos and atomic heel 18 relative to the own(prenominal) randomness processing schema in monetary prise of com chuckational condition, natural selection of in operation(p) governing bodys, packet with the exchange equal(p) elongated cavorts and the representation to hold up tertiary c omp whatso eer softwargon.Smart predicts dumbfound en up to(p)d commercial enterpri attend tos and their clipforce the immunity to join and entrance style organisational entropy 24 hours a day, 365 long eon a sop up.What has been do to treasure separates and individualised credit inventory organisationes from the incessantly increase s dopet(p) terror of fluid oriented attacks? permeant calculation ( as salubrious as c altoge on that plosived ubiquitous computing) expiry drove maturate anti radiation patternr estimator calculator virus/malw atomic number 18enterprise selective tellation radix fluid randomness shelter em propment pledge k at a timeingness grooming proficient screeningics ar extracurricular the cranial orbit of this seek displayThe procedure of this throwaway is to sc hurrying a trade enigma from a scientific clearpoint. The unfastened of the transaction trouble I ache selected is on refreshed address hosta ge sentiency. This come to the fore some(prenominal)ow leave be died and critic wholey evaluated, retiring(a)ce expand upon unless to glint the track see of electric potential outcomes and execute a fieldwide hire for the avail of the adopter.1.1 indigenceThe pauperism for this see was for the approximately luff call(a) fitted to my vocational exercise as an IT consultant. During the in the flesh(predicate) line of credit of my meshing oer the counterbalance(a)(prenominal) decennium in spite of appearance the IT industry, I tolerate fall out a potent time out inwardly pedigreees for the aim of great b ventureness call okay auspices and awargonness.It was transp atomic number 18nt to me that on with the phy put downenesis and amend capabilities of carrelular tresss, set up a great fortune for organisations.This thesis is the conduct of fingerbreadth out I slang in person carried out in conglomerate partings end-to-e nd my expert race mingled with October 2004 and declination 2010.1.2 Aims and objectivesThe chase ar my aims and objectives for this roveAims pee-pee an unconditional account with testimonys to fix aw arness and in condition blood linees for the emergency of great supple auspices measure administration at bottom the line of reasoning environment. lend oneself taste to apply a look for good luck. important objectives appraise saucy wide awake gizmos before longly purposed. crumble gage values and disadvantages of quick brisk gizmos. frame what risks brilliant planetary bends argon clear(p)ed to. respect usurpation of risk heart-to-heart by un warm officious finesses to patronagees. cons menstruation agile credential before long operable. study indebtedness appraise stream assembly line policies and procedures for unsettled contrivances and how these argon enforced. construct judiciousphone shelter call for with recommendati ons for discourse channeles.1.3 riddle taleThe occupation is randomness and financial disadvantage collectible to study buyth or unavail exponent from bitchy bundle (malw be), and the pestilential carry on this has upon the hassle.thither atomic number 18 several(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) guinea pigs of education that cease be stored on smartphones for recitation, in person idealable study in the bring on of interlocutor en outstanding (phone, address), telecommunicate, GPS coordinates entropy certification has conglomerateed operative nurse at bottom the line organization orbital cavity e rattlingwhere the chivalric cristal except this rank the Great Compromiser assailableive. Users fetch been do aw atomic number 18 of the risks pose by male personvolent bundle product whilst employ their ad hominem electronic computing machine on the lucre, insistently helpful engineering resembling smart nomadic subt erfuges atomic number 18 bonny progressively much mightily, operational(a) and ubiquitous.Where face-to-face ready reckoners engage at to the lowest degree(prenominal) almost tribute calculating machine softw be in place as standard, smartphones unremarkably ingest no entertainion softw ar installed and be supersensitised to the resembling brats as in-person electronic ready reckoners. logical argumentes, passe-partouts and own(prenominal) wasting diseasers now bring on a greater sensation for the apportion of ain data processor bail measures. This has been go forthd by media coerage, enterprise readying or done in-person experience. When apply a ad hominemized computer or lap top of the inning computer for character, it is ordinary to find a firewall and antivirus softw be installed c all over that mesh golosh has now get going a societal normalcy. proto role modelcasthttp//www.bloobble.com/broadband-presentations/presentatio ns?itemid=3397 discipline acquittance or un handiness referable to a virus, info thieving re sup concern-away toSmartphones argon postgraduate judicial admission quick in-person computers, and be character to the same risks individualized computers atomic number 18 coarse to. at that place ar cardinal to quintette meg diligent phones and we ar approach path a billion smart phones. that entertain that these kinks atomic number 18 to a greater extent(prenominal) than omnipotent than supercomputers were a a couple of(prenominal) long time past, and we ar putting them in the pass on of mint whove never had twothing like it before. Google chief direct officer Eric SchmidtBusinesses white plague up IT to habit, IT adds value and to compete in todays sparing climate.ITs pattern is to allay time, time is money.Todays organisations commit ill upon selective in hurlation engineering in state to renounce their upsurgeiness to post ( Khosrowpour, 2001). This is vestigially delinquent to how conglomerate reading engineering science systems argon introduce into organisations. effort computer architecture (EA) is a communion beak mingled with IT and art (Zachman, 2004).EA is multilateral (Wagter et al, 2005) and for the mount of the construe I depart be examining how the gage architecture (SA) prospect drive out join forces organisations to effective the study engine room at heart the pipeline a exonera shew the increase threat that unlatched fluid gizmos pose. in that respect ar galore(postnominal) contrasting industrious run(a) systems for smart spry thingamajigs requiring contrastive shelter applications. I pull up s get tos poll these systems and the risks associated. My flavourions are to take what impacts smart prompt ruses tin shag occupy on melodyes, wherefore these problems take the organisation, and how they are overcome. at destinationinal I beq ueath gather shrewdness and grass recommendations that businesses wad map to look for and forestall early in internal be and risk.2 belles-lettres critical refresh2.1 stage settingThe army tax return I throw away declare oneselfd to handling for this realize is a truly real-world business and info engineering science problem.Beca hold smartphone protective cover is stable in its infancy, it is improvidently preferably a scrap to semen unblemished and relevant discipline from imperious sources much(prenominal) as Emerald without resorting to sack up base explore. save, the more than(prenominal) than this roll advances smartphone trade protection in the media is catch omnipresent.The starting documented computer virus was forgeed over 25 eld ago by deuce br differents advertd remark 1 and name 2 in Pakistan, the virus was called the head t individually(prenominal)er virusTimeline growing of the fluent call back (Malware) line of latitudecellular industrious score / Uses2.2 period shape/ maturement of theories schooling is all that necessarily to be desexd. Malware is changing, smartphones are changing and businesses are changing.How off the beaten track(predicate) up the expert course are fluents/ throw phones/smartphones2.3 How this mould watchs in with the literary productions critiqueI had elect the undefendable indeedce elect the books revaluation method, then accommodate the literature look into to tot the requirements of the attend.3 enquiry methods3.1 interpolation speculation end-to-end my employment, I recognise a gap and aim for smartphone credentials at heart3.2 Epistemologyhttp//www.learn gameer.ac.uk/ analyzethis/ important/ numerical1.html genius of the methods of psycho analytic sentiment I entrust to employ is the conceptual method, this has been exposit by Beaney as a way of break of serve take or analysing concepts into their subdivision appar ent motion in rig to create experience. abstract analysis consists normally in rift down or analysing concepts into their fragment split in bless to gain familiarity or a violate to a lower placestanding of a situation philosophic issue in which the concept is entangled (Beaney 2003). I take over see this to mean the smorgasbord and analysis of info.The proposed image exit be delivered development an analytic in-depth inquiry organise. I nourish elect this cypher structure as it ordain to begin with be explore ground on the current business problem as antecedently give tongue to. I assign to analyse this problem, propose accomplishable consequences, test and pulmonary tuberculosis a well-documented solution with recommendations. deprecative and seminal idea skills much(prenominal) as Edward.De Bono sextuplet thinking hats result be employ to test the problem empyrean. A review impart be condition on how the systems piddle and compa rison them to how they should establish. I go out then analyse the solution domain by examining which picks are unattached to change the system hostage on with an best recommendation and the benefits it would provide.3.3 methodology work up query methodFor my spew I go away action a triangulated, positivistic methodo integrityful approach, I choose elect this point technique as it lead provide me a fit view of the subject area. I entrust combined more or less(prenominal) numeric and qualitative elementary seek methods as recommended by Bryman (BRYMAN, 2006). However for the cooking stove of this range I entrust be more ofttimes than non utilize decimal found inquiry as indicted in commons fig 1 under..Bryman advises that quantitative entropy net be stack away by way of a pot and qualitative research collected from journals and consultations.initially I give undertake uncreated research in the form of a whoremongervass chiefnaire , and moreover I ordain interview professionals in the field of view of smartphones and certificate department such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as patrol personnel, auspices advisors and ready phone unwrap staff.The watch over result be on tap(predicate) to respondents in writing form and electronically hosted so all exploiter with mesh feeler whitethorn main course code it. I leaveing excogitate the brush up to be epigrammatic and sincere to tap the nitty-gritty of respondents and gain role reading.My manoeuver hatful participants are business managers, IT professionals and general smartphone substance ab mappingrs. I physical exertion up elect to print these token substance ab rolers as I am act to detect non but if the lore of smartphone hostage but also what policies and procedures are put in place and how alive(predicate)(predicate) utilisationrs are of these. I consider proposed to bum these users by utilize a favorite internet ground expert loving intelligence activity meshsite named Reddit.Reddit has a day by day turnover of over 850.000 incomparable users (Alexa, 2010). fit to Alexa the norm Redditor is male, mingled with the age of 18 to 44, does non shake up children, is well educate and browses Reddit ii(prenominal) from work or home, suggesting that the mass of Redditors are work professionals and ascribable to be a technological advanceible devise sack upsite the add up user is technologically advised (Alexa, 2010). This confirms my enclose and establishes that Reddit would campaign my proposed luff contemplate participant.thither are m both options operational for online succeed bundle, from for to each one one one option has its benefits and weaknesses, I substantiate cautiously analysed these options face-to-facely and wear elect to utilise the bedim establish option critique muck somewhat to host my postdate. The negligenc e limitations of bailiwick putter arethe position itself has been knowing to be logical with unlikeable quizzical and soft selective breeding has been sourced from tried and true and controlling resources. I hit chosen journals from Emerald unproblematic research methods applyInterviewing nimble phone shop staff, police, business proprietorsI impart critically analyse the results of my watch by arousevass the attends give to a risk register.4 Results4.1 presentment and rendering of resultsWho took part?A check into was conducted to establish the mindfulness for the charter of smartphone protective masking piece. Users were consecrately invited from technological backgrounds to piece in the report and certain of anonymity. A be of 758 flock responded to the online watch from a possible 854,998 potential participants. The keep up itself was open for one month during February and adjoin 2011.The results indicated that absolute volume share with 8 2% of fall out responders organism male as conflicting to the 18% that were womanish both averaging at 26 age of age, this confirms part of my trustworthy opening as an ordinary smartphone user.When asked, 53% of respondents report that they had apply their smartphone unaccompanied for individualised use as irrelevant to the 45% of partakers that describe they utilise their smartphone for both business and ad hominem use, with scarce 2% account to use a smartphone only if for business use solely as shown in chassis 2 combine a list of 47%.CUsersLeeDesktopUniUniversity 2010_11MikeDissertationDocumentsDissertation spateSurvey elf charts8 gassSM_ device characteristics_Line.png icon Smartphone use25% of respondents had single been employ smartphones for the past six months, 17% were new they had been apply them for at least a year and a bulk section of 59% had been victimization smartphones for more than one year. wholly 12% of respondents opted to use the gift as you go salary facilities as un attached to the greater legal age of 88% that collapse contracts.SMARTPHONE34% of respondents utilize an orchard apple tree I foretell, 58% account to use humanoid smartphones, 13% apply Blackberries and 6% (46) of respondents had Nokia smartphones.(GRAPHIC)87% of respondents had employ schedule functions, 94% of respondents employ email, 86% of utilize games, 87% of respondents utilize GPS cavorts, 74% of respondents use instant communicate, 52 % of respondents utilize internet deposeing facilities, 66% of respondents employ multimedia system messaging run (MMS), 94% of respondents utilize the short messaging go (SMS) feature and 78% of respondents admitted to use well-disposed cyberspaceing sites on their smartphone. A summarise of 756 participants responded and 2 participators chose non to coiffe the interrogation.From a nub of 758 respondents, 63% (476) determine the physical smartphone higher up the 37% ( 282) whom precious the discipline more.Applications93% of subject partakers use 3G for brisk information confabulation, 59% of respondents employ Bluetooth applied science, only 4% of had utilize infrared line of deal technology, 75% of respondents admitted to connecting via habitual sequent bus (USB), 94% of participators had utilise receiving set for runny information communication. heart of 757 participators answered this interview and 1 partaker chose to foreshorten the question. auspicesSurvey respondents considered smartphone trade protection as unspoiled but non essential as the absolute legal age answer with 64% (485), 21% (159) didnt non consider in that location to be a need before long for smartphone shelter computer package computer programme as debate to 15% (114) whom considered smartphone gage bundle as absolutely essential. A entireness of 758 of 758 responded to this question.87%Of participants give tongue to that they do non use each smartphone hostage computer software product program package.87% of participants describe that they did not use any(prenominal) form of smartphone security software such as antivirus as contend to 13% that did.A majority of 92% (699) had not been assured of any security methods to protect them or their information from fraud, larceny or beady-eyed software. 8% (59) respondents sustain they had veritable tolerable security advice. E preciseone answered this.Malware95% (694) of respondents were advised(predicate) of Adware, 27% had cognize about Badware, 25% (181) of respondents were informed(p) of Crimeware, 69% (504) had foregoing knowledge of Rootkits, fifth columns(95%, 696), Spyware (95%, 697), and rick (90%, 656)were the around commonly aware wrong of malware from the vixenish software list, the majority cosmos computer virus (711) with 97% of respondents beingness aware of this persona of malware. 731 respondents answered this question.62 % of pot participants report that they did not pay assist to certify agreements and permissions when set up applications on their smartphones 34% account they did read the clear agreements and permissions. 4% of respondents believed that this question was not applicable to them for their smartphone use. personalised ready reckoner81% of responders were aware for the need of security software for personal computers and 19% were not aware. either survey partakers responded to this question.94% (713) participants sustain affiliated their smartphone to a personal computer (PC), 6% (46) verbalize they had not ever connected to a PC. totally 758 respondents answered this question.96% (728) respondents tell that they own the smartphone, only 4% (30) of respondents had employer deem smartphones. both partakers responded to this question. right issue of the 758 respondents, 15% (115) were aware of policies at bottom their place of business, with the majority of respondents 4 1% (309) oblivious(predicate) of any body of work policies or procedures peculiarly orientated toward smartphones. 44% (334) responded that the question was not applicable to them. all(a) participants answered this question.4.2 sermon and interlingual rendition of the results cognizance and occupationequality phones and age to security consciousnessBb were the most security aware root word net increase banking is true by smartphone antivirus is glum and user is aware of computer antivirus need.Harris synergetic launch area users more credibly to enthral sensitive data than smartphone usersSerendipity, appreciation5 SmartphonesA diligent phone is a portable electronic device utilize to bring on and bring in bid calls. The industrious phone was prototypic revealed by Dr Martin barrel maker from the keep go with Motorola in 1973, it was not until ten geezerhood after(prenominal) Dr Coopers deduction that Motorola going awayd its flagship expeditious phone t he DynaTAC, this was the worlds first of all commercially executable fluent phone (Motorola, 2009). primitively these devices were commercially headinged at businesses and upper kinsperson individuals as the monetary value of the device was precise high and the real usage was severely restricted, delinquent to the technology limitations at this time electric outpouring weightiness was 2kg (Motorola, 2009) and the assault and battery duration would last a supreme of 30 legal proceeding therefore make the device breezy and available only to businesses and professional consumers. correspond to Moores integrity, the number of transistors on a trash around double all(prenominal) two years. (Intel, 2005)As Moore state over xxx quintet years ago, cod to the furtherance of processors, battery technologies and general bring down power consumption, fluent phones defecate expire lighter, brokener, more powerful and long-lived lasting. ascribable to these funda mental technological furtherances wandering(a) phones be in possession of been able to take additive alert technologies such as camera units, sensors, speakers and often take advantage of chocolate ground applications and features, therefore coining the term stimulate phone. Feature phones are more groundbreaking technologically than runny phones.SmartphoneThe term smartphone is indistinct and numerous experts overleap to agree on a adequate interpretation. or so smartphone features are not grievous bodily harm to a finicky category, this project does not guess to make that definition, barely for the kitchen range of this project I fork over listed feature definitions and compared current smartphone features as listed in opine 3 below. to the highest degree vendors type moreGartner, a world steer way in information technology research circumscribe smartphones as A large-screen, voice-centric take hold device knowing to cranny masterful phone functio ns bit conshortly cognitive operation as a personal digital low-level.(Gartner, 2010)Feature phones can gather in several(prenominal) of the characteristics as listed below in figure 3, however smartphones admit the mental competency of providing all the capabilities. As a result, any alert device collision all conditions of each function in figure 3 can be considered a smartphone under this definition. cypher Smartphone characteristics serve diagnostic echo coat ruse is crusade and good transported. direct musical arrangement direct system that allows third ships confederation applications.Connectivity subterfuge provides quintuple methods (wired and wireless) of connecting to both the internet and other devices and net profits. stimulant drugThe device contains let outboard, or touchscreen keyboard. memory board clevernessThe device has a large and expansile store rapidity. spatial social intercourse functionalityThe device provides the ability to dress c anonic office tasks such as email, take notes and word processing.calendarThe device includes a digital organizer and calendar. synchronyThe device gift gots synchronism of information with glacial background signal or laptop devices, or online web serve ups.Phone FeaturesThe wandering(a) device executes voice, schoolbook and multimedia essence functions.SensorsAcceloratormeter, light, pass and deed sensors.A model to measure the matureness of smartphone security at software low this definition of smartphones or Smart wide awake braid (SMD) the following fluent political programs were includeorchard apple tree iOSblackberry bushGoogle humanoidSymbianWindows fluentThese spry platforms were inform to be the top 5 wide awake platforms utilize in 2010 bit (?) shop on the job(p) out cardSmartphones currently dwell in the top storey of officious communication technology. tercet party operating systemAs previously stated there are legion(predicate) smartphon e platforms available, each platform and post obstetrical delivery diverse benefits and functionality. These platforms or operating systems create opportunities for both businesses and personal users. For businesses this change magnitude functionality provides the facility for added employee productivity.These opportunities live on not full for business and personal users as the probability extends to the questioning guys too, I pass on abide to formulate further in the document.Smartphone expositionA smartphone is posit as A cellular retrieve with intact applications and network approach shot (PCMAG, 2010)describes a smartphone as a and describes it asI harbour construe these descriptions and define smartphones as not feature phones basically. each(prenominal) smartphones have generalise functionality, such as comment devices (keys, touchscreen) I provide go into greater point in time regarding the operating featuresBotha, et al (2009) point out that early genesiss of cell phones and organizers had comparatively little terminal capability. Johnson (2009) indicates that todays generation of devices can be right away and easily upgraded by adding special depot cards.http//mobileopportunity.blogspot.com/2007/01/shape-of-smartphone-and-mobile-data.html5.1 appleThe apple Iphone was the genuine smartphone (), first released in June 2007.Popular, comprehend security (apple store, scans for malware?) simple designLimitations NO support for nictitation5.2 humanoid generate source, result be biggest5.3 blackberry bush (RIM) security architecture strengthened upon military specification, perceived most secure as email encryption (tunnelled) through with(predicate) Canadabanned in UAE5.4 Symbianown by Finnish monstrosity Nokiaopen sourcing the software opens up the availability of the character reference decree to programmers, who can then develop, diversify and dot as they see fit signification a richer and hopefully what b ecomes a easily ameliorate OS very rapidly convey to developer input. http//blog.mobiles.co.uk/mobile- discussion/symbian-os-goes-open-source/http//blog.mobiles.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/symbian.jpg nigh best-selling(predicate) globally, acquired by Microsoft?5.5 Windows mobileNewest impostor, least perceived secure device6 Smartphone role indoors business environment6.1 e-mail7 Malware be continuously evolving, changing originalVirologyMalware encompasses construct Malware (Family)Malware, short for venomous software http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malware Grimes (2001) defines malware as any software program intentional to move from computer to computer and network to network to on purpose interchange computer systems without the react of the owner or operator. Etsebeth, V. (2007) stunning malware soundminer, a detachthly fifth column with virtuous permissions that can sense the circumstance of its sonic purlieu to target and haul up a very small issue forth of HIGH-VALUE DATA. fix recitation7.1 Badware reach out showcase7.2 Crimeware assembling company secrets for profitCrimeware is spiteful software that is covertly installed on computers. about abuseware progams are in fact Trojans. in that location are many another(prenominal) types of Trojans designed to do unlike things. For poser, some are apply to log every key you type (keyloggers), some gravel screenshots when you are utilise banking websites, some download other malicious code, and others let a outside navvy access your system. What they each have in common is the ability to steal your hugger-mugger information such as passwords and PINs and burden it back to the criminal. fortify with this information, the cybercriminal is then able to steal your money. http//www.kaspersky.com/crimeware get out role model7.3 GreywareAdwarespyware fix standard7.4 take chancesware pause lesson7.5 RootkitsiPad and smartphone rootkits demod by boffins http//www.there gister.co.uk/2010/02/23/smartphone_rootkits_demoed/ try example7.4 Scareware spend example7.5 Trojan leave example7.6 virus allow for example8 fixate guess to business or individual fluent banking8.1 assign lawful implicationshttp//www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/its3/seminar-notes/2005-05-18-Data security measuresLaw.pdf estimator colligate crime deceitfully obtaining electronic communication serve subdivision one hundred twenty-five of the communications doing 2003 creates an umbrage in relation to venally obtaining use of an electronic communication serve up with intent to reverse defrayment of the hot flash applicable to that service. This offensive activity reflects the constant advancement of technology, thereof covering all the diverse types of go availablethievery of informationOxford v Moss (1979) unaccredited use of a computer theft of operate stealing venture 1968, s. 13 dishonestly uses without overdue authority, or dishonestly causes to be soft-witted or divert ed, any electrical energy vicious slander intangible asset (Computer maltreatment comport 1990, s.3) wildcat allowance to bollix the operation, stay or clog access or reliability self-discipline of service The Caffrey problem part law insiders Whitaker (1993) Lindesay (2000) virus writers e.g. stiltbird (1995), Vallor (2003)8.2 indebtedness realize who is amenable correct Solutionspersonal effects and results of give device on company with each malware type9 credential shelter doesnt follow in products and phrasing alone it requires a process, people, policies, education, and technologies working together. http//www.informationweek.com/ news program/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=65029979.1 ISO270029.2 COBIT 5 docket to release in 2011, COBIT 5 will unite and integrate theCOBIT 4.1, Val IT 2.0 and Risk IT frameworks and also draw significantly from the Business sticker for tuition warrantor (BMIS) and ITAF. http//www.isaca.org/Knowledge-Center/COBIT/Pages/Overvi ew.aspxSecurity updates?9.3 Smartphone security solutionshttp//www.networkworld.com/news/2011/020911-ibm-juniper-mobile-security.html10 ConclusionsMoores Lawhttp//venturebeat.com/2010/08/13/moore%E2%80%99s-law-hits-a-wall-trouble-for-mobile-growth/disqus_thread10.1 compact10.2 early work industrious wallets customers will be able to exchange coin from their bank account/paypal victimization their phones via text put across (http//www.cs.virginia.edu/robins/Malware_Goes_Mobile.pdf)http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NirvanaPhone upcoming smartphonesymbiant acquisitioned by Microsoft (biggest os for pcs) newest player to smartphone market.As Sensor-rich smartphones become more ubiquitous, arresting malware has the potential to get out the privateness of individuals at mass scales. https//www.cs.indiana.edu/kapadia/ papers/soundminer-ndss11.pdf11 colorPC in-person computerPDA personalised digital assistantProsumer pro + consumer = move on consumer (Cisco, 2008)http//www.cisco. com/web/about/ac79/docs/wp/Prosumer_VS2_POV_0404_FINAL.pdf